Speech ananysis

Correspondences Workshop: Evaluating a Speech Analysis Worksheet Content Purpose: Speaker's experience information: the motivation behind this discourse Is to revitalize trust in the residents of Berlin. Impacts (customary, social, verifiable): JEFF is an authentic impact. Audience's experience information: I don't have much back ground information after tuning in to this discourse. Conveyance: Repeated words: 1. Berlin 2. Let 3. Them 4. Come 5. Past Emphasized words/phrases: 1 .There are some who state in Europe and somewhere else we can work with the Communists. Let them come to Berlin 2. â€Å"There are some who state socialism is the rush of things to come, let them come to Berlin† 3. â€Å"All free men, any place they may live, are residents of Berlin, and, along these lines, as a liberated individual, I invest heavily In the words â€Å"ICC canister nine Berliner†. 4. â€Å"ICC container nine Berliners 5. † Freedom is inseparable, and when one man is oppre ssed, all are not free† Tone: the tone of this discourse is firm well thoughtWord decision (constructive or antagonistic language): constructive, JEFF needs to give the individuals trust. Pace of discourse (quick, moderate, slow): Moderate, in spite of the fact that the rate increments when he is lacking in breath. Fittingness for crowd, subject, event: indeed, I accept so on the grounds that it has no obscene language and the event and subject of this discourse is fairly motivating. Eye to eye connection: moderate, checking out a ton. Outward appearances: he looks decided all through the speech.Gestures: hand signals Pauses: truly, to deliver his discourse increasingly significant and emotional. Increments or diminishes in talking volume: no not so much, it is at a similar volume all through the entire discourse. Generally Impression Speaker: I think JEFF was a splendid speaker. His statement decision is mind boggling. The manner in which he delivers this discourse is astonis hing. Discourse: I think the discourse is justifiable and extremely clear and it motivated numerous individuals and gave them trust as it was planned to do.

Proposed Technique for Sidelobes Suppression Free Essays

string(27) is a nonlinear operation. Part 4 PROPOSED TECHNIQUE FOR SIDELOBES SUPPRESSION As found in old sections, there are numerous sidelobes concealment strategies proposed however the vast majority of these proposed sidelobe concealment methods are non acceptable adjusted between the multifaceted nature and open introduction. The accessible strategies have their ain favorable circumstances and burdens in footings of plan, execution or may affect different variables which results in hapless generally speaking productivity. So in this theory work we are recommending Correlative cryptography as another sidelobes one of the concealment technique which can be used for cut bringing down the sidelobes power altogether. We will compose a custom article test on Proposed Technique for Sidelobes Suppression or on the other hand any comparable point just for you Request Now Prior to that, permit us see some essential idea about correlativity cryptography. Up until now, we have considered the bury image mediation as an ominous happening which delivers a corruption in the framework open introduction. Evidently, its name itself depicts an aggravation result. Notwithstanding, by adding bury image intercession to the familial sign in a controlled or known mode, it is conceivable to achieve a spot pace of 2B0spots every second in a channel of data transfer capacity B0Hz. These procedures are calledcorrelate cryptographyorpartial-responsesignaling strategies. Since, connect cryptography methodology depends on the aggregate of ISI brought into familial sign. Along these lines, the entirety of ISI in familial sign is known. The outcome of this ISI can be repaid at the accepting framework from the known proportion of the ISI. Duobinary flagging The fundamental idea of associate cryptography will presently be delineated by sing the particular representation of duobinary flagging, where â€Å"duo† suggests copying of the transmittal limit of a back to back twofold star framework. See a twofold info arrangement { BK} staying of uncorrelated double figures each holding continuation TBseconds, with image 1 spoke to by a throb of abundancy +1 V, and image O by a throb of plentifulness - 1 V. At the point when this arrangement is applied to a duobinary encoder, it is changed over into three-level finished result, viz. , - 2, 0 and +2 Vs. To deliver this transmutation, we may use the methodology appeared in figure 4.1. img alt= src=https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/expositions/1148918.024.pngimg alt= src=https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/papers/1148918.023.pngimg alt= src=https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/papers/1148918.022.pngimg alt= src=https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/papers/1148918.021.pngimg alt= src=https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/papers/1148918.020.pngimg alt= src=https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/articles/1148918.019.pngimg alt= src=https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/papers/1148918.018.pngimg alt= src=https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/papers/1148918.017.pngimg alt= src=https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/papers/1148918.016.pngimg alt= src=https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/papers/1148918.015.pngimg alt= src=https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/papers/1148918.014.pngimg alt= src=https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/papers/1148918.01 4.pngimg alt= src=https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/papers/1148918.013.pngimg alt= src=https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/papers/1148918.012.pngimg alt= src=https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/papers/1148918.011.pngimg alt= src=https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/papers/1148918.010.pngimg alt= src=https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/papers/1148918.009.pngimg alt= src=https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/papers/1148918.008.pngimg alt= src=https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/papers/1148918.007.pngimg alt= src=https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/papers/1148918.006.pngimg alt= src=https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/papers/1148918.005.pngimg alt= src=https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/papers/1148918.004.pngimg alt= src=https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/papers/1148918.002.pngimg alt= src=https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/papers/1148918.003 .pngimg alt= src=https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/papers/1148918.002.pngimg alt= src=https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/papers/1148918.001.png/ Figure 4.1: Duobinary flagging system. The twofold succession { BK} is first gone through a straightforward channel influencing an individual hold part. For each unit drive applied to the contribution of this channel, we get two unit motivation dispersed TBseconds separated at the channel finished result. We may thusly show the figure degree CelsiusKat duobinary developer final result as the measure of the current paired figure BKand its old worth Bk-1, as appeared by CK=bK+bk-1†††††††( 17 ) One of the impacts of the transmutation depict by ( 17 ) is to modify the info succession { BK} of uncorrelated paired considers along with a grouping { degree CelsiusK} of correlative figures. This correlativity between the following familial degrees might be seen as introducing intersymbol intercession into the familial sign in an unbelievable mode. Notwithstanding, this bury image mediation is under the designer’s control, which is the balance of connect cryptography. A perfect hold segment, bring forthing a hold of TBseconds, has the transportation map exp ( - j2?fTB) , with the goal that the transportation guide of the basic channel appeared in figure 18 is 1+exp ( - j2?fTB) . Consequently, the general transportation guide of this channel associated in course with the perfect channel Hydrogendegree Celsiuss( degree Fahrenheit ) is H ( degree Fahrenheit ) = Hdegree Celsiuss( degree Fahrenheit ) [ 1+ exp ( - j2?fTB) ] = Hdegree Celsiuss( degree Fahrenheit ) [ exp ( j?fTB) + exp ( †j?fTB) ] exp ( - j?fTB) = 2 Hdegree Celsiuss( degree Fahrenheit ) cos ( ?fTB) exp ( †j?fTB )††††††( 18 ) For a perfect channel of data transfer capacity B0=RB/2, we have img alt= src=https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/papers/1148918.026.pngimg alt= src=https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/papers/1148918.025.png/ Hydrogendegree Celsiuss( degree Fahrenheit ) = †††††††( 19 ) In this way the general frequence reaction has the signifier of a half-cycle cosine map, as appeared by img alt= src=https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/articles/1148918.027.pngimg alt= src=https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/expositions/1148918.025.png/ Hydrogendegree Celsiuss( degree Fahrenheit ) = †††††††( 20 ) For which the adequacy reaction and stage reaction are as appeared in figure 4.2 ( a ) and figure 4.2 ( B ) , severally. A bit of leeway of this frequence reaction is that it very well may be simple approximated in design. img alt= src=https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/expositions/1148918.050.pngimg alt= src=https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/articles/1148918.049.pngimg alt= src=https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/papers/1148918.048.pngimg alt= src=https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/papers/1148918.047.pngimg alt= src=https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/papers/1148918.046.pngimg alt= src=https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/papers/1148918.045.pngimg alt= src=https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/papers/1148918.044.pngimg alt= src=https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/papers/1148918.043.pngimg alt= src=https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/papers/1148918.042.pngimg alt= src=https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/papers/1148918.041.pngimg alt= src=https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/papers/1148918.030.pngimg alt= src=https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/papers/1148918.04 0.pngimg alt= src=https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/papers/1148918.039.pngimg alt= src=https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/papers/1148918.038.pngimg alt= src=https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/papers/1148918.037.pngimg alt= src=https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/papers/1148918.036.pngimg alt= src=https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/papers/1148918.035.pngimg alt= src=https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/papers/1148918.036.pngimg alt= src=https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/papers/1148918.035.pngimg alt= src=https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/papers/1148918.034.pngimg alt= src=https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/papers/1148918.033.pngimg alt= src=https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/papers/1148918.032.pngimg alt= src=https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/papers/1148918.031.pngimg alt= src=https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/papers/1148918.030 .pngimg alt= src=https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/papers/1148918.029.pngimg alt= src=https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/papers/1148918.028.png/ Figure 4.2: frequence reaction of duobinary progress channel The relating estimation of the drive reaction comprises of two sinc throbs, cut showed by TBseconds, as appeared by ( aside from a scaling factor ) img alt= src=https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/papers/1148918.051.png/ img alt= src=https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/papers/1148918.052.png/ img alt= src=https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/papers/1148918.053.png††â?

Fryday on Sunday

Fryday on Sunday Tonight, I emerged from a coma of essay-writing and unglued my gaze from OpenOffice long enough to wander up two flights of stairs and straight into a delirious, dripping dream. Having recovered enough by now to return my shocked fingers to their home-sweet-home row keys, I write this in pendulous obligation to the slippery edge of a Sunday night that is separated from Monday (a student holiday!) by precious few oscillations of a cesium atom. Editors note: The following is not for the faint of heart, nor the high of blood pressure, nor the diabetic of pancreas. Its the end of the week, and apparently someone up above (by which I mean the 4th floor of Random) has decided that the MIT student body has yet to change its weekly quota of potentially bad ideas into kinetically bad ideas. So, the logical conclusion is to deep fry various organic structures into a state of unrecognizable (yet crunchy) homogeneity. This made more sense than some of my answers to the last biology problem set, which took a long time to cook and turned out sort of bland, so I decided that it was safe to take a look. Before I venture any further, Id like to introduce you to a site called mitadmissions.org that has all sorts of fantastic information about admissions, academics, student life, apples, and even dining options at MIT. Some students prefer to cook their own meals, daily or on special occasions. Every dorm suite sports a full-size kitchen and barbecue pits line the courtyards of every residence hall. Never mind that this would imply that Random is not actually a residence hall by virtue of its lack of barbecue pits (not to mention a courtyard in which the barbecue pits line themselves up like well-behaved, frankfurter-cooking kindergarteners, pardon the mixed simile); lets talk about the kitchen and its role in certain not-unheard-of “special occasions”. Random Hall has roughly 0.0714 kitchens per resident (thats one kitchen per fourteen residents), so its more than plausible to make every day a special occasion. Its also within a 5 minute walk of two well-stocked grocery stores, one of which has a hefty supply of vegetarian/vegan/special diet options and the other of which has a hefty supply of MIT students stocking up on peanut butter, bread, and Nutella (in case France declares war, I guess). Thats in addition to a small Korean market across the street and a gas station convenience store within arms reach for anyone who has six-feet long arms. Rebecca 12, for instance, is renowned in Random Hall for her elaborate recipes, which are supposedly so complex that they exist only in the imaginary plane. I was fortunate enough to accompany her on one of her grocery runs last week and personally witnessed her purchase of $80 worth of vegetables and cooking staples (vinegar, rice, etc.), which will no doubt go into many weeks of tasty and nutritious dinners. This blog, however, is not about Rebecca and definitely not about nutrition. Its about various permutations of grease and meat and pastries. Please adjust your expectations accordingly at this time. So, up I walked the stairs like Alice into a greasy Wonderland where the atmosphere was an unearthly solution of nitrogen, oxygen, and oil droplets, heavy with visions of unborn culinary chimeras. The atmosphere was palpitant as Dr. Frankenstein readied the fryer, the unspeakable materials having been collected and dumped tableward. Some of you are probably clutching your intestines in fright and wondering if Draino can be used to unclog arteries, but let it be said that this amputated Italian sausage was the lightweight of Randoms cholesterol olympics. Onions curled limply like deformed (yet crunchy) tentacles, remarkably similar to the ones that emerge from the plutonious depths of the Charles River during a full moon. Note to all the aspiring Jean Georges out there: Add flour to your onion rings before you coat them in batter, or else the hot oil will be like the Earths atmosphere and the batter will be like the rock on the outside of a meteor entering at 70 km/s. Conventionally, theres four states of matter. And then theres potato, which according to the latest research exists in at least 29 states of matter, including raw (the form occurring in nature), French fry (degenerate state with structural deficiencies), tater tot (only forms under high heat and pressure), mashed (theorized to be a transition state between baked potato and potato pie filling), and hashed brown (which, according to some physicists, has no inherent differences from the tater tot). Random Halls state-of-the-art deep fryer produced an impressive total of two such states in the span of 20 minutes. An in-depth, empirical analysis of our results will be published in next Januarys issue of Science. At some point, our lipid-covered soirée took a sharp left into total perversity. The philosophers of ancient Athens have long warned that the path to self-destruction begins with fried Oreos. . . . and soon progresses to the soft, golden centers of human vulnerability, sucking away the white cream like marrow from our hapless souls. Fried Twinkies were too morally challenging for some of our more conscientious participants, so they opted for a cleaner, lighter alternative. Deep-fried broccoli, crystallized in crusty nubs of pancake batter! Have you had your daily serving of irony today? Eventually, I got tired of living the hallucinations of a McDonalds worker on NyQuil, so I departed to my floor in escape from the reminders of tonights merciless ambush on innumerable broccoli stalks (for what is broccoli but the nuns of the vegetable world?). Peace was not to be found; it just so happened that someone else also considered tonight a special occasion. Natania had decided to bake a batch of cookies for her professors, which to me seems like baking a batch of tenure for your professors. What more could one ask for? The Food Pyramid just called and threatened to take legal action, so it looks like I now owe you a blog about health and wellness. Post Tagged #Random Hall

The American Revolution - 871 Words

The American Revolution was the struggle by which thirteen colonies won independence from Great Britain, to become what we now know as The United States of America. The American Revolution came about primarily because the colonists had matured. Their interests and goals were so different and distant from those of the mother country. Local politics, practices, social customs, religious beliefs, and economic interests had gone so far from the English ways. The American Revolution had a tremendous impact not only in The United States, but also in Europe and the rest of the world. The Navigation Acts channeled the flow of colonial raw materials into England and kept foreign goods and vessels out of colonial ports. The Navigation Acts incorporated multiple laws that were created over a period of time. The Acts were passed with the theory of mercantilism, which restricted free trade. They were intended to keep foreign goods and vessels out of colonial ports. The Navigation Act of 1651 banned imported goods from other countries, unless the ship or cargo had an all-British crew. The second Act was extended to exports in addition to imports. Four more Acts were passed between the years of 1662 and 1773, which proposed even more restrictions on trade. The Molasses Act in 1773 forced the colonists to purchase the more expensive sugar from the Britain because they had raised the tax on all sugar and molasses products coming from anywhere else. Smuggling was also a huge result of theseShow MoreRelatedThe American Revolution : The Revolution1367 Words   |  6 PagesTh e American Revolution Revolutionizes the World It was the first revolution to majorly succeed and change how people saw their countries, it was the American Revolution. The American Revolution was the first successful revolution against a European empire that provided a model for many other colonial peoples who realized that they too could break away and become self-governing nations (New world Encyclopedia, 1).The American Revolution was vital to history because ideas seen by other countries startedRead MoreThe Revolution Of The American Revolution999 Words   |  4 PagesBetween 1770 and 1776, resistance to imperial change turned into a full-on revolution. The American Revolution, also known as the Revolutionary War, was a time of revolting and political uprising, in which the 13 colonies separated from the British Empire, forming the independent nation known as the United States of America. 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One way is that the colonists that had money and were known as the elite were trying to preserve their power from the British and this is what caused the revolutionary war. Then on the other hand bef ore the revolutionary war occurred when the colonists were being over controlled by the British, then in result of the American Revolution the colonists were able to win against the British and become strongerRead MoreThe Revolution Of The American Revolution1582 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"The revolution was effected before the war commenced. The revolution was in the minds and hearts of the people.† - John Adams, 1818 This quote means that the revolution actually took place metaphorically before the actually fighting began. It took place in the emotions and thoughts of the Americans. The Road to Revolution After the Seven Years’ War created a financial problem for Britain The British tried to shoulder some of the financial responsibilities onto the Americas in the form of variousRead MoreThe Revolution Of The American Revolution850 Words   |  4 PagesIn regards to the American Revolution, the point that armed rebellion became inevitable arrived when after nearly five constant years of American colonist protesting. American s had enough and needed to take a stand for the numerous inequalities they were forced to deal with. It was foreseeable that the American Revolution took place due to the unfair taxes that the British were giving Americans. Also, England was not allowing Americans their freedom, along with violence and the political dominanceRead MoreThe American Revolution. The American Revolution Started1581 Words   |  7 PagesThe American Revolution The American Revolution started when King George the 3rd decided to make the American Colonies pay a large amount of money for the debt of the French and Indian War by giving the colonist different types of taxes like the Sugar Act in 1764. The sugar Act of 1764 was a British Law that was passed on April 5, 1764, that collected incomes from the 13 colonies. The act put a huge tax on the sugar and molasses that were imported into the colonies which were a huge impact for theRead MoreThe American Revolution1337 Words   |  6 PagesThe American Revolution was much more than an insurrection against British tariffs and patronage decree. Rather, it was a bureaucratic catastrophe in which colonists from the thirteen American colonies denied the British sovereignty, eradicated the jurisdiction of Great Britain and established the United States of America. The upheaval was a primitive modern revolution in which generality traversed for liberty in the statute of law, constitutional privilege and supremacy. Ensuing years of contentionRead MoreThe American Revolution889 Words   |  4 PagesThe American Revolution was one of the most vital events in American History lasting form 1775 to 1783, it effected the nation socially, economically and politically. The American Revolution brought upon many changes in America, and freedom of the nation. The Revolutionary War was a stepping stone to what we are as a nation today, it created both short and long-term effects on the world. When wanting to blame a certain side, the British politicians or the American agitators, several key points leadRead MoreThe American Revolution993 Words   |  4 PagesThe topic of the American Revolution is a topic that has been discussed on multiple levels and is extremely well-known, especially within the United States. The details are a little on the generic and basic side but it is at least understood on some level. Most people are aware of the American standpoint, the what, why, how, and when , but there is much more depth to what occurred. The war was obviously between the Americas and the Mother country of Britain, but there were more than just those two

John Wilkes Booth and Abraham Lincoln - 707 Words

Abraham Lincoln was a great president. He helped the county become one, and so much more. Abraham Lincoln was possibly the best at what he did, until the assassination.( Abraham Lincoln Assassination). Abraham Lincoln, a beloved and hated president of the United States, was assassinated. Before Abraham Lincoln was assassinated the things he did were great. He ended the civil war, was planning to build more since the damage of the civil war. He did away with slavery which was a big deal. Abraham Lincoln thought it would be smart to take a day off and go to a play at ford’s theatre. The play Lincoln was attending was â€Å"Our American Cousin† Starring Laura Keene.(Michael Burgan) He thought since the amount of work he did he deserved a break and attended the play. Lincoln didn’t mind slavery he just didn’t want it. Lincoln knew after Lee surrendered, there was still a lot to do.( Michael Burgan) Booth was born in 1838. Booth heard about Lincoln attending the play and knew it was his chance. Booths original plan was just to kidnap Lincoln and trade him for prisoners of the war. Booth got his people helping with the assassination together and talked about their jobs. Each person had a job to go through with.(Paul Angle). George Atzerodt was supposed to kill vice president Andrew Johnson, but didn’t follow through with it. Lewis Powell was supposed to kill secretary of state William Seward, Powell stabbed Seward multiple times but it didn’t kill him. John Wilkes Booth was to KillShow MoreRelatedPresident Abraham Lincoln and John Wilkes Booth Essay examples1358 Words   |  6 PagesThis evening at Ford’s Theater in Washington President Lincoln was shot by John Wilkes Booth, who thinks he is helping the south in this act, but will that be the truth? In a moment we will go to reporter Krayton Schnepf who is on the scene, but until then lets get some backgroun d information on Abe. Abraham Lincoln was born on February 12, 1809 in Hardin County, Kentucky in a one-room log cabin. He was the second son of Thomas and Nancy Lincoln. Here is Krayton Schnepf on the scene†¦..We are havingRead MoreWhy Did John Wilkes Booth Killed President Abraham Lincoln876 Words   |  4 PagesWhen John Wilkes Booth assassinated President Abraham Lincoln, it was a life changing event for the whole country. It took many days for the country to know that Abraham Lincoln had been assassinated. Then, everyone wanted to know why. Why did John Wilkes Booth assassinate Lincoln? Did he do it to be evil or did it for a specific reason? The fact that John Wilkes Booth assassinated Lincoln was unexpected. He was a famous actor that had no criminal background. Nobody had any clue why he chose to doRead MoreJohn Wilkes Booth and his fellow conspirators planned to kidnap Abraham Lincoln on March 20, 1865,500 Words   |  2 PagesJohn Wilkes Booth and his fellow conspirators planned to kidnap Abraham Lincoln on March 20, 1865, but on that day the president did not arrive at the location they thought he would. Once Booth figured out that Lincoln was going to Ford’s Theater he and his conspirators planned to assassinate Abraham Lincoln, Andrew Johnson, and William H. Seward (â€Å"Abraham†/history.com). Abraham Lincoln was the first president to be assassinated. As the president could not escape the southern sympathizers the nationRead MoreThe Assassination Of Abraham Lincoln861 Words   |  4 PagesCourthouse, one of America s greatest presidents, Abraham Lincoln, was shot and killed by a man named John Wilkes Booth. Specifically, John Wilkes Booth was an American play actor and a big sympathiser for the Confederacy. Booth was well known for his hatred towards the President and his crazy ideas and motives, which lead to the killing of Lincoln. Many conspiracies and theories today believed the assassination of Abraham Lincoln was handled by John Wilkes alo ne, but other conspiracies believed that heRead MoreThe Assassination Of Abraham Lincoln1456 Words   |  6 Pagesbe the same today if Abraham Lincoln was never assassinated on the unfortunate night of April 14, 1865. His killer, John Wilkes Booth, had a strong resent for the Union that subsequently caused a dramatic shift in history. This hatred was caused by many factors, such as his background and where he grew up, his lust for power and fame, and his mental illness. John Wilkes Booth, a master assassinator and conspirator, hoped to strengthen the confederacy by killing Abraham Lincoln. However, this murderRead MoreEssay On John Wilkes Booth1453 Words   |  6 PagesProf. Kearney Due: September 7th, 2017 The First U.S. President to Ever be Assassinated Many people view Abraham Lincoln as the best president our country has ever had and I for one, agree. Lincoln dedicated his life to this country, spending most of his political life campaigning against slavery, letting the country know that he was against everything it stood for. However, upon Abraham Lincolns inauguration, our nation divided itself. The election signaled the secession of seven southern states whichRead MoreThe Year Long Period Of Social Unrest1747 Words   |  7 Pagesstrong ideas for example, John Wilkes Booth, the ideal situation to take action. The sixteenth president of the United States of America and the leader of the Union during Civil War, Abraham Lincoln, was assassinated by John Wilkes Booth, an actor pursuing the revival of the confederacy and the total destruction of the Union. Abraham Lincoln was known to be a hard working, driven man which led him into politics and eventually presidency. Throughout his childhood, Lincoln had grown up in very ruralRead MoreThe Assassination Of Abraham Lincoln1064 Words   |  5 PagesColin Shafer Abraham Lincoln’s Assassination President Abraham Lincoln was the first United States president ever to be assassinated while in office. He was president during the Civil War and had many people that did not like him. John Wilkes Booth did not like Abraham Lincoln and was responsible for the President’s death. Abraham Lincoln was born in Harden County, Kentucky on February 12, 1809. His parents were Thomas and Nancy Hanks Lincoln. In 1818, his mother died while he was just nine yearsRead MoreEssay On John Wilkes Booth1023 Words   |  5 Pagesthat John Wilkes Booth was the man who assassinated President Abraham Lincoln, but not everyone knows John Wilkes Booth’s take on it. Like Why did he do it? Who were his accomplices? What happened after he did it? Well that is was this paper is about. John Wilkes Booth was born on May 10, 1838 in the state of near Bel Air, Maryland (Encyclopedia Britannica 2017). He was the second youngest of 10 children, and was the son of the actor Junius Brutus Booth (Encyclopedia Britannica 2017). Booth â€Å"showedRead MoreAbraham Lincoln s Assassination Of President1176 Words   |  5 PagesAbraham Lincoln’s Assassination President Abraham Lincoln was the first United States president ever to be assassinated while in office. He was president during the Civil War and had many people that did not like him. John Wilkes Booth was one of those people and was the man responsible for the Presidents death. The following is about Abraham Lincoln, John Wilkes Booth, Booth’s plan for Lincoln, the President’s assassination, Booth’s capture and how it affected history. Abraham Lincoln was born

Recruitment and Diversity Enhances Customer Free Essays

(Point 2) Organisation Benefits of attracting and retaining a diverse workforce: An increasing number of companies are realising the benefits of having a diverse workforce and as a result are incorporating equality and diversity objectives in their business strategies. Diversity is a widely-used concept which refers to visible and non–visible differences between individuals. There are six main strands of diversity: race, gender, disability, sexual orientation, age, and religion which are covered by UK legislation. We will write a custom essay sample on Recruitment and Diversity Enhances Customer or any similar topic only for you Order Now Diversity also incorporates differences such as class, personality and working patterns What is meant by a diverse workforce? Social diversity: Demographic diversity such as age, race ethics and gender Value Diversity: Psychological difference in personality and attitudes Information Diversity: Benefits are: * Diversity in employment promotes cost-effective employment relations: Employers have more choice from a greater skills base, improved employee satisfaction, reduced internal disputes, greater workplace harmony, improved retention and more effective and fairer promotion of talent * Diversity enhances customer relations: matching internal employee diversity to population diversity can provide performance benefits, which enhance awareness of consumer needs Diversity enhances creativity, flexibility and innovation in organisations: the flexibility, creativity and ability to innovate are enhanced by the existence of dissimilar mind sets * Diversity promotes sustainable development and business advantage: e. g. external recruitment of diverse top-team talent to inject new ideas and challenge the organisatio nal mind sets and ways of doing things that can hinder change and organisational progress. (point 3) Factors that affect an organisation approach to Recruitment and Selection FACTORS AFFECTING RECRUITMENT (point 4) Different recruitment and selection methods Recruitment and selection are usually considered as one process. However, I will make the distinction here between the initial actions and considerations when planning staff recruitment and the process of selecting an individual from a pool of applicants. Recruitment needs to be carefully planned in order to attract the right type of applicant. Recruitment The key to effective recruitment is preparation: knowing the job and what is required of someone to perform it well. The costs of recruiting the wrong person can be significant. The cost of employing someone may be at least twice their salary when factors such as training, expenses and employer’s contributions to their pension are added. INTERNAL| AGENCY| EXTERNAL| Cheaper and quicker to recruitFamiliarity with the business and operationsBusiness already aware of strengths and weaknesses of candidatesProvides opportunity for promotion – motivational| Wider nets of targeted candidate attractionSaving management time interviewing only a top candidateProcess streamlining| Outside people bring in new ideasLarger pool of workers of which to find candidatesWider range of experience| Selection Psychometric tests These are particularly useful if you want to assess candidates for Managerial or Senior appointments or candidates for appointments where there is a special need for the post – such as strong relationship building skills. These types of test are especially good at assisting with assessing how candidates are likely to behave, for example, towards a manager, towards their peers, and towards their subordinates. They will often provide a profile which should be discussed with the candidate to check validity, as they are self-perception questionnaires. Candidates should also be given feedback on the profile. The profile should be a part of the assessment, contributing perhaps up to 10% towards the final decision. They should be used carefully as they need to be used in the right way by properly trained assessors. Interviews Interviews can take many forms and styles. A type of interviewing recommended is Criteria-Based Behavioural Interviewing. This type of interviewing is based around the criteria identified in the person specification – the essential and desirable criteria. It is therefore really important to prepare a good person specification right at the start of the recruitment process. It is also important to identify how each of the criteria will be assessed. Some items in the criteria e. g. a qualification, can be assessed by reference to the application form, these can be called the â€Å"hard or factual criteria† and can usually be assessed on the application form or c. v. Presentations Presentations can be used in a variety of ways depending on how they relate to the job description and the normal working practices expected of the post. In assessing presentations, it is important to have decided on the criteria against which each candidate will be marked. These could include criteria which will also be assessed at interview, but may take on a particular aspect – e. g. communications skills could be assessed in the interview but will be mainly looking at how the person communicates with the panel and gets their points across, as well as how they interact with the members of the panel. In a lecture style presentation, the candidates’ communications skills to a large group will be assessed, which is much more formal delivery. How to cite Recruitment and Diversity Enhances Customer, Essay examples

World Wide Web and Research Paper free essay sample

Due Date: Monday 27th May 2013 (Due between: 8. 30am – 4pm) SIBT Front Office (Ryde or City Campus) Questions: Your job is to complete one of the following research questions: (Please remember that you are to only answer one question) 1) The digital divide is a gap many influential bodies are trying to close. How many so called solutions have actually worked and have successfully made permanent positive change in a region. Use supportive evidence in your argument. ) ISYS100 was designed to help students see how Information Technology has made our society today; explain how this has impacted our daily lives. 3) The information revolution of the last decade has meant that there are so many more powered devices in our homes and lives. At what cost is this increase to our environment? Furthermore, are there any companies or organisations trying to offset this somehow? 4) Discuss how Blogs and Social Networking have altered our daily usage of the internet and the World Wide Web. We will write a custom essay sample on World Wide Web and Research Paper or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page ) Google is a company that has created a road map for what IT companies should be like; explain how Google can be considered to be one of the world’s best companies and at the same time one of the world’s most secretive organisations. 6) Throughout the world there has been an increase in discussions regarding â€Å"Censorship of the Internet†, explain how Censorship can work in some instances but in others it can be a detriment to society. 7) We live in a world where the internet plays a pinnacle role in our day to day lives. Discuss how the internet has caused an ethical debate on our information privacy. Submission Details: You will need to submit your paper to turnitin before submitting it in hard copy to the sibt office. Remember your research paper must be your own work. Therefore, your research paper must be submitted to Turnitin at www. turnitin. com. I have sent you a pdf file with a basic guide to turn it in. You will need to create an account on the website if you have never used it before. Please note that when submitting your research paper in hard copy you must include the following: †¢ SIBT cover sheet with student ID number, tutorial/class etc. Turnitin printed receipt email. This email provides time and date proof of assignment submission to the Turnitin system; and †¢ Printed copy of the ‘Originality Report’ from Turnitin. Any submission not containing a cover sheet, a print out of the Turnitin Receipt email stating time/date of submission, as well as the Turnitin Originality report will not be marked. You are responsible for assessing its level of plagiarism. Although you can submit the report to Turnitin as many times as you like before the due date, only the final submission will count to Turnitin. Any Turnitin Report with 16%+ plagiarism will be carefully reviewed and marks deducted equivalent to the percentage. NB. Turnitin can take upto 24 hrs to give back a response. We hold no responsibility if you have poor time management. Details for turnitin: * class ID: 6386887 * enrolment password: sibt113 You must submit the paper into the front office of SIBT between the times noted above on the due date. Research Guidelines: Word Length: Approximately 2400 words 1 ? spacing. 12 pt font Verdana Referencing Style: Harvard or APA is satisfactory. Please remember that you will need to have at least Four (4) varying references. For example: Journals, WebPages, Newspaper articles and Text books (You will need to include: Reference List and an Appendix). You must include a coversheet from SIBT. No exceptions will be granted. PLEASE NOTE: THE RESEARCH PAPER MUST MENTION IT IS FOR MATTHEW MANSOUR ON THE COVERSHEET. NB. DO NOT PUT ANY OTHER TEACHERS NAME ON THE COVERSHEET. FAILURE TO DO SO MAY RESULT IN A FAILED ATTEMPT

Why The United States Dropped The Atomic Bomb Per Essay Example For Students

Why The United States Dropped The Atomic Bomb: Per Essay suasive Essay The atomic bomb is the subject of much controversy. Since its first detonation in 1945, the entire world has heard the aftershocks of that blast. Issues concerning Nuclear Weapons sparked the Cold War. We also have the atomic bomb to thank for our relative peace in this time due to the fear of Mutually Assured Destruction (MAD). The effects of the atomic bomb might not have been the exact effects that the United States was looking for when they dropped Little Boy and Fat Man on Hiroshima and Nagasaki respectively (Grant, 1998). We will write a custom essay on Why The United States Dropped The Atomic Bomb: Per specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now The original desire of the United States government when they dropped Little Boy and Fat Man on Hiroshima and Nagasaki was not, in fact, the one more commonly known: that the two nuclear devices dropped upon Hiroshima and Nagasaki were detonated with the intention of bringing an end to the war with Japan, but instead to intimidate the Soviet Union. The fact of Japans imminent defeat, the undeniable truth that relations with Russia were deteriorating, and competition for the division of Europe prove this without question. Admittedly, dropping the atomic bomb was a major factor in Japans decision to accept the terms laid out at the Potsdam agreement otherwise known as unconditional surrender. The fact must be pointed out, however, that Japan had already been virtually defeated. (McInnis, 1945) Though the public did not know this, the allies, in fact, did. Through spies, they had learned that both Japans foreign minister, Shigenori Togo and Emperor Hirohito both supported an end to the war (Grant, 1998). Even if they believed such reports to be false or inaccurate, the leaders of the United States also knew Japans situation to be hopeless. Their casualties in defending the doomed island of Okinawa were a staggering 110,000 and the naval blockade which the allies had enforced whittled trade down to almost nothing. Japan was quickly on the path to destruction. (Grant, 1998). Of course, the Allies ignored this for the reason that dropping the atomic bomb on the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki would intimidate Russia. Had they truly been considering saving more lives and bringing a quick end to the war in Japan, they would have simply waited them out without the major loss of life seen at both Hiroshima and Nagasaki. At the Yalta conference, Franklin Delano Roosevelt asked Josef Stalin for Russian support in the war with Japan. (Claypool, 1984) In return for Russian Support against Japan, Roosevelt agreed to terms that some historians feel helped create more tension between the two countries because it gave Russia too much power in world affairs. (Claypool, 1984, Pg. 53) At the time, Roosevelt was not confident that the United States could win the war easily without Russian support. He simply assumed that Japan would have to be invaded (Claypool, 1984). After Roosevelts death on April 12, 1945, Truman was sworn in as President of the United States (Claypool, 1984). As situations developed and progress on the atomic bomb continued to increase, Truman felt that a Russian invasion of Japanese territory might not be necessary. If the atomic bomb was effective, there was no need to have the Russians invade Manchuria. . . There was always the possibility that a Russian invasion might mean communist rule after the war. (Claypool, 1984, Pg. 78) It was quite apparent, in fact, to many world leaders that the United States did not want Russian intervention once work on the atomic bomb had been completed. In fact, Prime Minister Winston Churchill has been quoted writing: It is quite clear that the United States do not at the present time desire Russian participation in the war against Japan.' (Claypool, 1984, Pg. 78) As World War II came to a closure, two new superpowers emerged: the United States and the Soviet Union. The United States obviously felt that if they could prove to the world that they had superior weaponry, that it would be held in the highest regard by all nations of the world. Hiroshima and Nagasaki gave them the power to do just that. .udbd158812413acdbc2d3c90270e423c5 , .udbd158812413acdbc2d3c90270e423c5 .postImageUrl , .udbd158812413acdbc2d3c90270e423c5 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .udbd158812413acdbc2d3c90270e423c5 , .udbd158812413acdbc2d3c90270e423c5:hover , .udbd158812413acdbc2d3c90270e423c5:visited , .udbd158812413acdbc2d3c90270e423c5:active { border:0!important; } .udbd158812413acdbc2d3c90270e423c5 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .udbd158812413acdbc2d3c90270e423c5 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .udbd158812413acdbc2d3c90270e423c5:active , .udbd158812413acdbc2d3c90270e423c5:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .udbd158812413acdbc2d3c90270e423c5 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .udbd158812413acdbc2d3c90270e423c5 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .udbd158812413acdbc2d3c90270e423c5 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .udbd158812413acdbc2d3c90270e423c5 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .udbd158812413acdbc2d3c90270e423c5:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .udbd158812413acdbc2d3c90270e423c5 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .udbd158812413acdbc2d3c90270e423c5 .udbd158812413acdbc2d3c90270e423c5-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .udbd158812413acdbc2d3c90270e423c5:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Teamwork Essay It is apparent that because of the troubled relations with Russia, and the confidence that the .

Investigating a pollutants effect on cress seeds Essay Example

Investigating a pollutants effect on cress seeds Essay Example Investigating a pollutants effect on cress seeds Paper Investigating a pollutants effect on cress seeds Paper To investigate the effect of phosphates from detergent liquid, at different concentrations, on the germination of cress seeds. Hypothesis: I predict that, at lower concentrations, the detergent liquid containing phosphates will have a small positive effect on growth. However, I believe at stronger concentrations, the detergent liquid will have a negative effect on growth, causing stunted and malformed cress plants. Introduction: Many commercial detergent liquids contain phosphate. Phosphate, (PO43-) is an important inorganic macronutrient which is needed to help plant growth, and as such is a part of the essential small molecule ATP. Although it can be hard to test whether minerals are important in animals, it is far easier to test the effects of phosphate (which in this case will form part of a pollutant). The main reason for my hypothesis is that phosphates can cause eutrophication when found in a water supply, and as such I believe that small percentages (10-20%) detergent liquid will case minor positive changes in growth. However, there are other chemicals present (such as Benzotriazole, colorants and purfumes) in detergent liquid that may cause the cell wall and cell membrane of the cell to break down allowing the cell contents to spill out and the leaves will appear discolored. This may also cause the cress to grow slowly or die prematurely. There may also be an appearance of leaf tip necrosis, iron deficiencies, and some seeds may fail to germinate due to imbalances in the pH of the soil. You dont say why there may be a pH imbalance. Cress is a seed which is exceptionally easy to cultivate, and as such will be the plant used for my experiment. Germination in plants occurs when there are suitable conditions. Germination requires water, oxygen and an appropriate temperature. Water is necessary because the final stage in the creation of a seed is a drying out of embryonic tissues. This means that a huge inward water gradient is created, allowing easy osmosis into the seed. Seeds typically absorb so much water that they swell into 1.5 times the size of the seed (statistic taken from broad beans). This is obviously important in measuring the different growth patterns when using different concentrations of a pollutant, as my pollutant (as many pollutants are) will be found solely in the water source of the plant, and will thus have a great effect on a germinating plant. Plan: Some preliminary tests were carried out prior to the experiment to find the best medium for cress growth and the preferable environment for their germination. These are presented and discussed in my appendix, which is found below. This is the reason for using 2 layers of kitchen paper to grow my seeds in, as well as placing them by a large, light window. The aim of this experiment is to add variable concentrations of a phosphate containing detergent to cress seeds water supply and measure the effect upon their germination and growth. The independent variable used will be the detergent concentration and the dependent variables are percentage germinated and the growth rate. I will use a Spearman rank correlation test to determine whether these two variables are linked. Justifications I will be using pipettes and a pipette filler because these are more accurate than traditional pipettes. I require several different pipettes to ensure that each one is not contaminated with a previous concentration of liquid. I will be using tweezers to place my seeds in the grid as these allow me to grip and place my seeds accurately. I plan to repeat each experiment (to obtain two results for each value). This is to restrict the chances of a faulty result skewing results. Ideally, I would repeat these tests many times, but as the experiment is quite slow, and placing too many petri dishes by my window might obscure the light available, Ive decided upon two results. The seeds will be grown for 7 days as my preliminary tests show that 7 days is perfectly adequate time for the cress seeds to germinate and grow to a measurable length. I plan to use cress seeds from the same packet throughout my experiment, as cress seeds found in different places may have different resistance to phosphates. This is because the detergent I am using may have been present in an irrigation system used to when the seeds were produced, and thus using a mixture of seeds would give a mixture of tolerances against phosphates. I plan to use the same amount of liquid throughout my experiment (20ml initially) as using varying amounts may affect my results. This is because plants need water to grow, and thus those with access to more water will probably grow both faster and further than those with less water. It is thus important to keep them as constant as possible. I have chosen to use 50 seeds at each concentration. This will reduce the chance of a percentage error. If using 10 seeds and one fails to germinate, this will be a 10% percentage error, whereas if one fails to germinate with 50 seeds, this gives only a 2% percentage error. This is a simple and effective way of reducing the percentage error. Sufficient replicates to assess reliability of data. Issues highlighted by my preliminary experiments Considering the results of my preliminary tests, I will be growing my cress inside by a window so that it has plenty of access to light and warmth. I will be growing my cress in petri dishes on two circular pieces of kitchen paper. I will be covering each dish with a piece of transparent film slightly larger than the dish itself. This is because the kitchen paper tends to dry out quickly, which would obviously prevent germination and negatively effect plant growth. The reason for using a piece of transparent film is because this will let light through. I will not be sealing these, as this will prevent air getting to the cress, which it requires for growth. This method prevents the seeds from drying out too quickly, although I will still be watering them at intervals specified before. In my preliminary tests, I measured the seed growth by their length above the seed and root length. However, this may not be accurate as some cress seedlings may have longer roots, and longer roots also indicate growth. For this reason I have decided to measure the shoot and root length combined of my seedlings. Ensuring consistancy I need to ensure that the amount of liquid present stays constant, and thus need to ensure that the dilutions of detergent liquid have appropriate amounts of distilled water. I will be using 20ml of water for the control, and various concentrations made up to 20ml for the other experiments. I need to ensure that the environment of the plants stays as consistent as possible throughout the experiment, and thus need to choose a window with enough space beneath it to give equal light to all the plants. I need to ensure that the cress is spread in the same way in each experiment. To give maximum space to each seed, I have chosen the following layout: This gives me enough room for 25 cress seeds in each experiment. I will need to ensure that the temperature around the petri dishes is kept constant between all petri dishes, as an inconsistency will have a small effect on growth. To do this, I shall measure the temperatures near each dish twice daily and record and adjust any anomalies. The petri dishes will need to be clearly labeled with concentration and experiment number (either 1 or 2) so as to avoid confusion when collecting results.

Intellectual property (Trade Marks Act 2005, Designs Act 2003, Patents Essay

Intellectual property (Trade Marks Act 2005, Designs Act 2003, Patents Act 1990) - Essay Example It is a business for them. But to actually think there are professionals out there who paid their way through university is a worry†¦. To be honest I do feel a bit guilty using samedayessay.com. I had no idea that such a company existed until about 2 months ago when I was in over my head, totally desperate for some type of help and stumbled across this site via a Google search! I was shocked, a bit skeptical, but relived at the same time. I haven’t studied since 2004. I work full time + overtime and I stupidly enrolled myself into 2 online subjects, thinking it would be a breeze†¦. Well boy was I wrong. It has been so much work, doing all the readings, all the activities, online participation, not having any face to face lessons. Six weeks into the course felt I was drowning. So stressed, so busy! That is when I decided to get a few of my assignment done via the company. I am glad I got the help, but in a way I feel I cheated, I cheated myself, that is why I am readi ng and trying to learn and understand. Next year I will only be enrolling into 1 subject, that way I can focus 100% on it and not feel as stressed, and hopefully not need an essay writing company. But in saying that, in case I ever do need help, I would like to keep in touch. Not sure how long you plan to stay with samedayessay.com, and I am not sure if you are allowed to pass on your details to clients, but I will give you my details: (face book – katerina cvetkovski katerinacvet@hotmail.com) other email kcvetkovski@optusnet.com.au. The paper sounds very good. Thank you so much. Please read my comments/ questions Question 1 Issue The main point of contention is whether Fred's registration of the trademark GOOD FRIENDS FENCE is potentially an infringement of the Trade Marks Act 1995 with regards to the claims being made by GOOD NEIGHBOURS FENCE which is asserting that they have the rights to the trade mark. In other words, is it likely that Fred has committed a breach under t he Trade Mark's Act (1995) or not. Rules The Trade Marks Act 1995 states that a trade mark needs to be distinctive and reflect the trade commercial or trade origins of a person (EJ Gallo V Lion Nathan, 2010). In Section 20, it is noted that the owner of a trademark has the right to use the trademark, authorise the use of the trademark and obtain relief when the trademark is infringed. A trademark is infringed if a person uses a sign that is identical with or is deceptively similar with the the trademark (Section 120 (1)). However, for action on trademark infringement to be taken, the trademark must be used as a trademark [Konininkliike Philips V Remington (2000)]. Section 120(2) of the Act states that a trademark is infringed if the goods or service for which the trademark is used are similar or closely related. An action on infringement can also be taken if the trademark is known is Australia and unregistered (Van Caenegem 2010 p139: Davison et al, 2008 p133). Also infringement occ urs when the trademark is substantially identical or deceptively similar to goods or services that are unidentical. Section 120 also states that action can be taken on infringement when there is a realization that the owner's interest could be adversely affected. In the case of Belei Hestia V Bali Inc (1973), it was established that

Assigment Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 5

Assigment - Assignment Example There are a number of criteria used to determine who will come first in the waiting list, which might help us solve the issue the doctor is faced with. The patients ability to pay for the organ is what is considered first. A heart is treated like a scarce commodity because it is hard to find and it is are also more valuable than anything else because of its ability to save someones life (Perry, 2013). A scarce commodity, which is vital for someone to continue living, is certainly not a luxury, thus the reason why the highest bidder is considered first. The second factor is the preference of the donor or kin. In short, this is who the heart donor decides will be the recipient of the heart (Perry, 2013). For example, a white racist might say that their heart should not be given to an African or a Muslim might say that their heart only goes to a fellow Muslim. The third factor is that the transplant might favor the donors religion or citizenship. This is done in support of the taxpayers money channeled to the endeavor (Perry, 2013). However, in the cases provided, the second and third factors might not apply because we are not told the religion or citizenship of the donor and we are also not told whether the donor had racist views. The fourth factor to be taken into consideration is the need of the patient (Perry, 2013). The need of the patient, the extent to which the transplant will help the patient, is also another vital factor. However, in most cases, it is the senior doctors who decide whether the patients need is that significant (Perry, 2013). Thus, in this case, the doctor might not be very influential in deciding which patient mostly needs to transplant. Apart from their needs, there are also the benefits to the recipients. They consider factors such as age, overall health, ability to obey the regimen or anti-rejection drugs and also the patients support system (Perry, 2013). These can apply in our case because some of the clients

League Of Nations

League Of Nations The League of Nations was an international association established by the victors of the First World War 1914-1918 as a result of the last point in the Treaty of Versailles of 1919. It was set up to prevent future disputes, protect world peace and ensure security, thus the member states pledged to follow procedures when dealing with international crises. However it was not an easy job to set up an assembly that would have control over all nations, so in the end the League of Nations was not very long-lived, already by 1946 it was dissolved and replaced by the United Nations. An investigation will be carried out, taking into consideration the facts and the aftermath of international affairs, from the early 1920s to the 1940s. The essay will deal with two key questions. Firstly, for what reasons did the League of Nations fail and was it doomed from the start? Secondly, to what extent could this collapse be blamed on the lack of cooperation between Britain and France? The setting up of the World Parliament After the end of the First World War, the Treaty of Versailles was signed in 1919, by Germany and the Allies of the Entente. As the result of this treaty an organization for international cooperation was founded. The American President, Woodrow Wilson was the one who actually drafted its creation and came up with the idea that international arguments should be sorted out and solved by the League which would be like the World Parliament  [1]  . His views and ideas clearly differed from those of Lloyd George and Georges Clemenceau. The League of Nations had a council, which was made up of 4 permanent members Britain, France, Italy and Japan along side the other 38 founder nations. Nevertheless throughout its existence the League did not manage to work up to its expectations of performing wonders as President Wilson has put it. Wilson hoped that the League of Nations would stop disputes and wars, improve peoples lives and working conditions and bring fairness and stability to Europe. However once the League was set up and he returned back home to the United States, he only found that the American Congress refused to join it. The Americans felt that by joining the LON they would be dragged into other countries conflicts and problems, which was not something they needed, thus they pulled out. This was just the very first weakness of the so called World Parliament.  [2]  The absence of the United States was not only a bitter blow which created a sense of incompleteness, but it also led to the major glitch in the Global Representation of the League. The United States was the driving force behind the LON and now there also would be no financing from their side. The League was all about embodying every nation and seeing that USA turned the LON down, any other minor member could feel like they had the right to leave any time. In 1922, it felt like the League was made up of sub nations since the worlds most powerful countries were not involved. The USA, the USSR and Germany were not members which left the League not as strong as it should have been and having an incomplete membership. Among other things the League did not have an army which was a big thing since their aim was to stop disputes and wars, the question arising, was whether they could do that if they had no fear -authority. Thus they relied on the members for military assistance who in turn refused to send their people to fight and for foreign lands, when they had no interest in that. The Treaty of Versailles left unhappiness, grief which stimulated jealousy, resentment and rivalry.  [3]  The inter-war economic situation exaggerated political reactions, condemned democracy and constitutionalism needed for lasting settlement. It slowly failed because there were no adequate guarantees. The Treaty of Versailles along with other treaties passed through the LON, were slowly going bankrupt and losing support. The International Labour Organization (ILO) failed too, in its attempt to convince the nations to adopt a different working policy. The League was already in danger of losing its popularity and authority. The Leagues aim was to maintain collective security and replace international anarchy. From the start it was supposed to be an organization that would use economic and military sanctions to stop aggressors. However the sanctions did not work since some nations managed to find ways to get around them, thinking that they would solely lose out on them. In 1931, at the time of the Manchurian crisis the League could not even agree upon the economic sanctions and later on in 1935, it failed again when attempting a ban on the sale of arms, rubber and metals to Italy, when the French and the British opposed these sanctions. They believed that this move would lead to Mussolini allying with Hitler. Also the League of Nations had been obliged to introduce a reduction of the armaments to the lowest, allowable for safety, level. A lot of time was put into this along with the effort from the Allies who have been bound to disarm together with the losers of the WWI. This was thought to be a step towards future peace development.  [4]   The problem with this however was, that the policy failed later on in 1923 because Germany refused to have lower armaments than everybody else. This led to other countries going against and bypassing the disarmament. This showed that there was not enough commitment and effort involved in the International decisions and actions. Another major difficulty for the League was handling disputes and solving problems. The specialized parts of the LON needed to cooperate but at the time of crisis they could not come to common understanding and decide on what was best for society. Also the decisions made within the League were unanimous which made it even harder for the organization to act out, it took them a long time to do anything and they were too slow to react. There were quite a noticeable number of international arguments in the years of 1919 to 1935 not dealt with properly, by the League of Nations for various immoral and to some extent, self-centered reasons. Too much pressure on the League of Nations The first instance of the Leagues passiveness is seen in early 1919, when the Italians took over the Fiume Port, which was previously granted to Yugoslavia by the Treaty of Versailles. The League of Nations did nothing despite the fact that it was their duty to prevent aggression and keep peace. In the end, an Italian by the name of Gabriele DAnnunzio governed the newly taken over port for over a year. Later on that same year, Poland and Czechoslovakia fought over Teschen Silesia, which was a bordering region between the two countries. The area was rich in iron, coal, railway lines, and a notable part of the Silesian coal fields and since both nations were just recently created, they both felt the need to strengthen their economies by acquiring Teschen. When the League was summoned to help solve the territorial dispute, what it did was just divide the region, among the two countries. Poland was unhappy with what they got and ignored the Leagues decision. The two countries argued over this issue for years to come. After 1919, town Vilna was considered to be the Capital city of Lithuania. However about 30% of the citys population was made up of Poles. In 1920, the Polish took over Vilna and when Lithuanians asked the League for help, it failed at making the Poles withdraw. They stayed in town until the start of the World War II. The League of Nations was once again powerless. We can see how many times within the same year the League failed at doing what it was created for. The second time the Polish broke the rules of the League, was in 1920. Poland invaded Russia and its army conquered Russian land. By 1921 the Russians finally signed the Treaty of Riga, agreeing to hand over financial compensation, railway materials and nearly 80 000 km2. The League of Nations did encourage them to make peace, however it did nothing to stop the Poles. Since Russia was communist, they would only gain advantage from such an operation, because they feared it and wanted to prevent it from spreading. To countries that were not members of the League, it might have seemed like the LON was selectively picking who is good enough and who is not to get help. This was another failure since it only angered the Russians and made them more hostile towards the Allies. Since the end of the First World War, one of the conditions of the Treaty of Versailles was that Germany had to pay reparations for the losses and damages that it had caused.  [5]  However when the Germans failed to do so in 1922, the anti-German feeling in both France and Belgium grew. Ignoring the laws of the League of Nations, both being members, France and Belgium invaded the Ruhr an important industrial area in Germany. But the arising question was whether the League would stop them. France was one of the main members and yet one of the aggressors. Britain could not afford to stand up against its powerful associates. The League failed this time, twice. Firstly and fore mostly because it broke its own rules and secondly, because of the example that was set for the other countries. This was not the first time that something like this happened, this was the second alarming authority-defying example the members of the League have set. Another dispute occurred in 1923, when an Italian commander Enrico Tellini, together with his assistants, was murdered on the border of the Greek territory. The Italians were sure and blamed the Greek nationalists for attacking their general. On the other hand the Greeks blamed criminals from Albania. Italy then demanded reparations and to be allowed to deal with the murderers, but the Greeks could not identify and find the killers. This sparked off an Italian attack on the Greek island of Corfu. The assassination of their General was not even the real reason, they have concealed the true motive all along. When Greece appealed to the League for help, the LON did not do anything but directed the matter to the Conference of Ambassadors who forced Greece to comply with Mussolinis conditions.  [6]  This was another failure since everybody knew that the Italians were just looking for an unjust excuse to invade Corfu and gain its coastline entrance position to the Adriatic Sea. Later on, in 1928 nearly all nations decided to sign, the Kellogg-Briand Pact. The pact prohibited any aggression and use of war unless required in need of self-defense. However the Pact of Paris did not live up to ideal expectations and did not succeed at preventing war.  [7]  It proved to be ineffective and did not manage to prevent the two future conflicts which together in turn sparked off WWII. These two were the real tests for the League. After the years of Depression, Japan still remained under its effects. She tried to overcome this by strengthening her empire although she lost many of her markets. This resulted in the Japanese searching for raw materials and trade markets. The province of Manchuria seemed perfect since right before; the Japanese had a strong economic presence there. Once the Japanese invaded Manchuria, the Chinese turned to the League of Nations for help. So what the League did was sent in, officials to Manchuria to analyze and study the root of the problem. They were very slow, it took them one year to do that and finally in 1933 Japan was ordered to step back and leave Manchuria. At the time the League did not seem as much of an authority any more which resulted in the Japanese ignoring the Leagues command. The League could do nothing about it. Japan was considered to be the greatest power in Eastern Asia and many countries supported trading with her. The Allies did not want a war and the LON cou ld not even impose sanctions. The League of Nations has yet terribly failed at encouraging peace. The other major problem of the League was that it seemed to be scared to anger the aggressors, instead of having a higher position of authority to suppress the assailants it just stayed neutral not to make them resentful. Benito Mussolinis idea of glory and popularity led him to believe that he could do anything he wanted. In 1934 he laid his eyes on the only African territory which was left without any control by the European Colonial Authority Abyssinia.  [8]  Italians had a previous encounter with the Ethiopians. In the year of 1895, Italians lost a humiliating battle and now were keen to get revenge. When Haile Selassie appealed to the League for help, the LON talked to Mussolini but with no success. He would not compromise and just ignored them and used the moment to his advantage to send an army into Africa and invade Abyssinia. The League tried putting sanctions but those did not work, there was nothing else it could do, because Mussolini was considered a potential ally against Hitler and the LON did not want to risk making him resentful towards the Allies. This was the last straw, after the Manchuria and Abyssinia crises the people just saw the League as a useless fraud, and once Hitler actually started to break the Treaty of Versailles there was no other way but to start off the World War Two since it would be the only way to stop him. All these unresolved disputes led to one another and in the end there was nothing left to do but to go to war. Also among the Leagues many failed crises there were the failed treaties and the Locarno Pact of 1925. The Washington treaty was a naval-limiting agreement signed in 1921 by Britain, United States, Japan, France and Italy; but it failed when the naval restrictions merely became unrealistic in the 1930s. The Dawes plan of 1924, that made Germany dependant on American loans failed when USA demanded the money back after going through a Depression and still did not get much back.  [9]  And finally the Geneva Protocol of 1925, proved to be ineffective when the disputes broke out. The lack of cooperation between the two main members of the League One of the big problems that the League of Nations faced was the fact that it had no army and thus it depended fully on Britain and France once USA did not join. And as a matter of fact, these two members were unwilling to share and help the League. Britain and France were very passive and as long as their own interests were not involved they preferred to stay in the dark.  [10]  They did not feel the need to or even want to use sanctions which as the members of the League they should have supported. Many historians fully blame France and Britain for the Leagues failure. They believed that since the USA was not a member, all the responsibility of taking control of the League lay on Britain and France who felt like they had their more important responsibilities towards their nations, outside of the organization. They ignored what had to be done to keep international peace and instead put their own priorities first. France feared Germany and did anything to ensure self-security because of suffering great devastation during the war, whilst Britain plainly concentrated on strengthening her empire.  [11]  These two members were the heads and yet they were not fully willing to commit. And what organization can survive without somebody managing it properly and willing to put in enough work and effort to run it especially when the heads of that organization fail to work together and fight towards the same goal. If we closely look at the crises that the League of Nations faced, we can see a pattern. In many of the cases the leaders of Britain and France were the ones to stir trouble. Taking the Vilna Crisis as an example, where France actually wanted to keep on the right side of Poland since she saw it as a potential ally against Germany and Russia in case a war would arise and as a buffer zone against communism. Britain was never prepared to act alone which resulted in the League not taking action against the aggressors. The two countries acted without thinking about the League and what was best for it. The main problem however was that the two members were unable to work together and thus bring any efficiency to the League of Nations. Each one had their own priorities and a lot of times they failed to reach agreements and come to compromises regarding the problems of Europe after the war. They clearly had different ideas of what the role of the LON was. As mentioned before France feared that Germanys bigger number of population would be a threat to her own, whilst Britain saw it as a commercial opportunity towards a quick and efficient economic recovery. Despite this being the time when the French needed the British support in case of a future encounter with Germanys aggression, Britain was not so keen on disarming Germany, which once again posed a threat to the entire stability of Europe. Both countries were obliged to show support for the LON in public, but really when in private they felt deep cynicism and pessimism for the organization but more importantly they had no faith in it. In order to properly understand the relations between Britain and France we have to consider looking at their past. During the years of the First World War, the British and French were allies and worked against the Central Powers. They strongly co-operated towards a common goal and in the end when the war was over they both were the victors. Immediately after the war, the British and French had been co-operating together, as their interests were very similar. They both needed countries like Germany and Russia weakened since they posed a bug threat to their nations and to the spread of Communism. Another similarity between them was that they both needed each other if they were to expand and strengthen their empires. At some point, there even was a very strong popular feeling in Britain towards France and when the leaders visited each other at latter countries they got warm receptions.  [12]   When the League of Nations was created, they both were the heads, and they had to accept the defense of countries between themselves. However after a while France started to see itself as a very powerful independent stand-alone power whilst Britain did not want to risk losing close relationships with Australia, Canada and New Zealand. This caused tension between the two and at one point the British were even thinking about free trade which would put France at stake by placing tariffs on its goods. Analysis There are various reasons as to why the League of Nations failed. The main ones being that it did not have enough support and a driving force willing to push it on. As a historian by the name of A.J.P. Taylor once said The League died in 1935. One day it was a powerful body imposing sanctions, the next day it was a useless fraud, everybody running away from it as quickly as possible. Hitler watched.  [13]  The actual idea of the League ensuring peace was great but since most of the member nations put their interests and priorities first, the League of Nations Failed. From the very beginning it was Wilsons idea to set up the League but then America was the one strongest nation whose presence was noticeably yearned. The league could not act alone and it was based and dependant on the two main members, Britain and France. This is where the bigger question comes in. Should these two be completely blamed for the collapse of the League? The answer is to a certain extent.  [14]  They only dealt with the smaller, weaker countries and did not dare to stand up to aggressors because they felt threatened. However that was not the main reason behind them being blamed. It is one thing when they do not feel secure and try to protect themselves and it is a completely different thing when they are not willing to work together even though the World Parliament relies on them. Japan and Italy betrayed the League thus Britain and France were its last hope. Nevertheless although Britain and France did not really betray the League, neither did they try to strengthen it and help it.  [15]  By invading the Ruhr, France let the Leagues authority down. Another example would be the Abyssinian crisis where Britain and France were the ones who actually confidentially gave up Abyssinia to Italy. The longer they kept this up, the less everybody believed and put their hopes in the League. At the end everybody just started to ignore it. Another factor was the Great Depression which made every country fight for itself and try to gain more and more power. The problem was that Britain and France were allies and had the same level of authority within the League but at the same time they lacked cooperation. Many times the two nearly went against each other to support their own self-interest only to be stopped by their own self-conscience that they needed each other.  [16]   One historian said It is not altogether impossible to bring the French and the British to see eye to eye- only their eyes are so different. It could be reasoned that Britain and France were at fault for the Leagues failure because had they cooperated more and worked their way up towards a common goal, together they might have been strong enough to stand up to the aggressors and prevent the crumpling of the world peace and the League of Nations. It was also said that the League was merely a field that Britain and France chose to fight on. On the other hand one can argue that other countries played a big part in the LONs collapse too and no matter how strong the bond between the two main members would have been nothing could have prevented the Leagues collapse and thereby the start of the WWII. All the crises that the League had to go through were not just the result of the lack of cooperation between Britain and France, but also the never-ending desire for more power within other strong countries like Germany and Italy, whose leaders knew just how to use the moment to manipulate others to get what they wanted. Conclusion In conclusion we can see that all of the events and crises that occurred in the inter-war years contributed to the fall of the League of Nations. However the most notable reason was the inability of Britain and France to effectively work together without competing against each other for full domination. Their mistrust, constant divisions and preoccupation with only their own affairs had cost the League some serious lack of development and effective performance which in the end resulted in a stalemate leading to new disputes and in 1939, the start of World War Two.

GM crops Essay

For thousands of years farmers have used a process of selection and cross breeding to improve the quality of our crops. The problem with GM crops is that there is little known about what effect they will have in 20 years’ time. The genetic structure of any living organism is complex and GM crop tests focus on short-term effects. Not all the effects of introducing a foreign gene into the intricate genetic structure of an organism are tested. Will the pests that a crop was created to resist eventually become resistant to this crop? GM crops may also pose a health risk to native animals that eat them. The animals may be poisoned by the built-in pesticides. Tests in the U. S. showed that 44% of caterpillars of the monarch butterfly died when fed large amounts of pollen from GM corn. Very little scientific information exists about the risk of GM food on human health. One major report by Dr. Arpad Pusztai, explains how GM foods could trigger new allergies and contain toxins that may be harmful. Another concern is disease. Since some crops are modified using the DNA from viruses and bacteria, will we see new diseases emerge? What about the GM crops that have antibiotic-resistant marker genes? Marker genes are used by scientists to determine whether their genetic modification of a plant was successful. Will these antibiotic-resistant genes be transferred to microorganisms that cause disease? We already have a problem with ineffective antibiotics. How can we develop new drugs to fight these new bugs? Then there is always the possibility that we may not be able to destroy GM crops once they spread into the environment. Proponents of GM crops claim that advantages may be many, such as: Improved storage and nutritional quality Pest and disease resistance Selective herbicide tolerance Tolerance of water, temperature and saline extremes Improved animal welfare Higher yields and quality Cross-pollination is a concern for both GM crops and conventional breeding, especially with the more serious weeds that are closely related to the crops. With careful management this may be avoided. They are an ever-increasing problem and genetic engineering promises to stop it. But will genes from GM plants spread to other plants, creating superweeds and superbugs we won’t be able to control? When looking at the environmental impacts of grass- and grain-fed beef, â€Å"there is a 500% increase in greenhouse gas emissions for each pound of beef produced from grass-fed compared to grain-fed cattle. Uncontrolled nitrogen and phosphate release to the environment, 35% more water use, and 30% more land use for grass-fed cattle compared to grain-fed increases the environmental impact of strictly grass feeding. † Cholesterol content does not differ between grass- or grain-fed beef. Today, there is an estimated two-thirds of all our products in supermarkets contain genetically engineered ingredients, including; tortilla chips, drink mixes, taco shells, veggie burgers, muffin mix, and baby formulas. But only one-third of Americans are aware that their food contain genetically engineered ingredients, despite the findings of surveys that 85 to 90% of consumers want clear labeling of all genetically engineered foods. Because labeling is not yet required by government regulations, nor practiced by biotech companies, there is absolutely no way for consumers to know what it is that they are eating. The public has not been educated of the inadequacy of genetically modified ingredients in their diets and the possible risks that these foods may entail. The credibility of these geneticists is also questionable because almost all established molecular geneticists have some industrial ties limiting what they can research on, particularly with regard to safety. There is no way of knowing the overall, long-term effects of genetically engineered foods on human health. This unpredictability appears to be causing the most controversy over genetically modified foods, as there is insufficient evidence and need for further research. The effect of the insertion on the biochemistry of the host organism is unknown. The effect of the genetically engineered organism on the environment is unknown. The effect of eating genetically engineered foods is unknown. There is no basis for meaningful risk assessment. There is no recovery plan in case of disaster. It is not even clear, who, if anyone will be legally liable for the negative consequences. There are no consequences among scientists on the safety or on the risks associated with genetic engineering in agriculture. The international community is deeply divided on the issue. In addition to these, genetically engineered foods may cause the removal of important food elements. For example, genetic engineers may intentionally remove or inactivate a substance they consider undesirable in a food, which may have unknown but crucial qualities, such as cancer-inhibiting abilities. Examples such as this are perhaps especially frightening because of the potential to find cures to some of the illnesses and diseases that have already laid claim to many lives. Failure to do further research in this case would be a shame, as it could lead to an elimination of possible breakthroughs in medicine and health. The current state of biotechnology must be fixed because every living organism is affected by it because everything is composed of genes. If the food being consumed contains products of genetic modification, the public is at risk to the unpredictable effects on their own physiology and biochemistry-effects that may not be reversible. Not only could this cause problems in their own lives presently, but it could also affect future generations, in ways that are unforeseen yet preventable. Moreover there is not enough understanding of the principles of genetic engineering to categorize those genetic modifications that may pose a risk and those that may not because genes appear to react in diverse ways when spliced with other genes. Genes are a part of an extremely complex and interconnected network and are constantly reacting to their environment. Further research must be enacted, and biotech companies and the government must do their moral/ethical duty to inform the public, because ultimately, they are the ones making the decisions.

Krispy Kreme Doughnuts, Inc. Essay

Krispy Kreme Doughnuts, as discussed in Darden Business Publishing Case UVA-F-1479, appears to be at a crossroads. After years of astronomical growth, the company find its share price plummeting in the midst of discoveries about faulty accounting practices. The following paper examines several issues behind the sudden decline First, the historical income statements and balance sheets are examined to determine the financial health and current condition of the company. This is followed by an analysis of key financial ratios across time and versus industry standards. Next, the paper addresses if Krispy Kreme is financially healthy at year-end 2003 and, if so, what accounts for the firm’s recent share price decline. The paper concludes with a discussion of the intrinsic investment value in the company. Income Statement and Balance Sheets Close review of the income statement leads to some noteworthy conclusions. The first quarterly column of the 2004 income statement shows that the company gained thirty-four million dollars in discontinued operations from the sale of the Montana Mills venture. In the same quarter the firm lost approximately twenty-four million dollars. It is likely that this maneuver was made to deflect attention from or make up for the company’s poor performance and mounting losses. Generally, this is not a sign of a healthy company but rather signals an alarm since the loss in that quarter was closer to fifty-eight million dollars when not considering the sale. Krispy Kreme may have been struggling to make ends meet through its operations, and perhaps the company hoped to make up lost income through the sale of a venture. Furthermore, operating expenses were increasing while net income was decreasing. In May 2004, the company had seven million dollars in closing costs and still showed losses. An aggressive expansion strategy did not result in enough income to cover these costs. Additionally, quarterly comps decreased dramatically. From May 2003 to May 2004, operating income dropped from $23,702 million to $18,636 million. This decrease is even more pronounced when examining the quarters ending in August. Krispy Kreme’s balance sheet is no less indicative of poor financial health, particularly with a substantial increase in year over year long-term liability figures. The two major contributors to this increase in long-term liabilities include Krispy Kreme’s revolving lines of credit and its long-term debt. First, the revolving lines of credit greatly increased from nothing in fiscal year 2002 to eighty-seven million dollars in fiscal year 2004, demonstrating a burgeoning dependence by Krispy Kreme on outside finance to support operations. Second, long-term debt increased from 3,912 million in 2002 to 48,056 million in 2004. This anomalous and significant increase in long term debt could mean that Krispy Kreme is having trouble paying off its debt. After analyzing both the income statement and balance sheet an initial assumption can me made that Krispy Kreme does not appear to be financially healthy. The next step of understanding this case is to determine how financial ratios extend our understanding of the abovel statements. Financial Ratios The following financial ratios were analyzed: quick ratio, current ratio, return on assets, return on equity, net profit margin, receivables turnover, inventory turnover, asset turnover, cash turnover, debt-to-equity, and times interest earned. These ratios are included in a time series (Case Exhibit 7) raise and in a cross-sectional chart of quick-service restaurants (Case Exhibit 8). To begin, the time series ratios are detailed in Figure 1. Starting with the liquidity ratios we noticed some significance in the changes of the current ratio. The increases in the current ratio in 2003 and 2004 signal that Krispy Kreme is borrowing over the long term, not the short term, resulting in an increase of cash affecting assets. The current liabilities would not be affected by this increase in cash or long term. This corroborates the balance sheet, as with the current ratio rise we see a gain in cash and cash equivalents plus a gain in long term debt. Figure 1. Krispy Kreme Analytical Financial Ratios The debt-to-equity ratio in 2003 and 2004 imply the company is also using more long-term debt from shareholder equity to run the company. In 2004, the balance sheet shows a jump in the number of share of common stock. The selling of more stock to pay for long term debt is not usually a good signal to investors. It may mean a corporation wants more cash to finance activities, which in conjunction with other figures could mean it is trying to offset some losses. A lower times interest earned ratio may also mean fewer earnings are available to meet interest payments and that the business is more vulnerable to increases in interest rates. This ratio has declined dramatically since 2002. Negative findings of the company are apparent when looking at the activity ratios. The receivables turnover ratio has been declining since 2001. This decline in receivables turnover implies that company is not being as efficient in the collection of accounts owed as it should be. Not collecting the credit in a timely manner means that they are not gaining interest for the firm, but potentially giving others a free loan for the time being. Furthermore, the asset turnover ratio for Krispy Kreme has been declining since the company went public in 2000. As seen in Figure 1, the ratio was at a high in 2000 at 2.10 and is not at 1.01 in 2004. This lower asset turnover ratio signals that the company is not doing well in using its assets to generate sales. The final subcategory in the time series ratio analysis are the profitability ratios, which show some positive signs for Krispy Kreme. The return on assets ratio is relatively stable at 8.64% in 2004. Krispy Kreme is still doing relatively well by using current assets to generate income. Unfortunately, the return on assets has come down from a high of 10.33% in 2002, a signal to investors that Krispy Kreme is not ameliorating its use of assets to create income. However, the operating profit margin ratio displayed a steady increase for the company, resulting in more operating income for every dollar of sales. The increasing net profit margin also shows Krispy Kreme is generating more profit for every dollar of sales. The change from 6.81% to 8.58% in 2004 shows that Krispy Kreme is now making another 1.7 cents per dollar of sales. Examination of the financial ratios between Krispy Kreme and its peers in the quick-service restaurant industry reveals a few key facts about the company’s financial state. Foremost is the relatively high liquidity index of the corporation as measured by both the quick and the current ratios. Compared to a respective mean of 0.80 and 1.17 for each aforementioned ratio, Krispy Kreme weighs in at 2.72 for the former and 3.25 for the latter – approximately three times the average. As these figures measure a firm’s ability to pay bills in the short term without stress, it may not be farfetched to suggest Krispy Kreme has liquefied many of its assets to satisfy the doubts of short-term creditors. This band-aid solution may be short-lived, however, since current assets and liabilities are never a dependable tool for forecasting. Exorbitant liquidity also suggests an ineffective use of cash and other short-term assets and a lack of borrowing power. The other noteworthy aspect of these industry ratios is the low level of turnover on both receivables and inventory. Krispy Kreme’s receivables turnover ratio of 9.70 is about four times smaller than the mean of 37.51 for most quick-service restaurants. This is possibly an indication of the firm’s inability to collect on its due bills. Inventory turnover for the corporation is at a ratio of 17.76 versus the industry mean of 64.70, also about four times less than standard. Low inventory turnover can signify a poor management of said inventory. Combined with poor cash management, this spells trouble for investors. Nevertheless, there is a redeeming factor for the corporation, although given the looming sale of several stores, it may not be one that lasts very long. The profitability ratios of Krispy Kreme are comparable to those within the industry, and a good set of such ratios is a reflection of how efficiently a firm uses its assets and how well it manages its operations. In order for Krispy Kreme to make good on these numbers, it will need to convince creditors of its long-term solvency and improve its turnover. At the end of fiscal year 2003, the financial health of Krispy Kreme is neither stellar nor abysmal. The company has several indications of future tribulations that it needs to sort out, but from a financial standpoint it is relatively in good standing and could be said to pass the litmus test of profitability. Some symptoms it needs to examine include its acutely high short-term solvency. Does the firm find itself liquefying at an excessive rate to satisfy short-term creditors? If so, the company needs to reduce the scale of its operations and cut costs until longer-term loans are able to be secured. At that point, it may be able to grow again without the burden of investor and media hype. Furthermore, the firm needs to apply pressure to its debtors and try to improve its receivable turnover ratio. In this way, Krispy Kreme may be able to raise more capital and manage its assets more effectively. Finally, with the increased scrutiny and speculation concerning the company’s financial reporting, it should seriously address these concerns and restore investor confidence before stock prices continued to decline. Stock Price Evaluation Given Krispy Kreme’s mixed financial health, what accounts for sharp decline in it’s share price? On May 27, 2004 Krispy Kreme announced poor results for the first time in its history as a public company. Earnings were down 10% due to the trend toward low carbohydrate diets, or at least as reported by the company . Krispy Kreme decided to divest Montana Mills for $40 million in stock and also planned to close three of its new Hot Doughnut and Coffee shops. The Wall Street Journal published a negative story on the accounting principles that Krispy Kreme used for franchise acquisitions. The company also had to pay Michigan franchise’s top executive $5 million as part of a severance package. On July 29th, U.S. Securities and Exchange Commision (SEC) launched an informal investigation on â€Å"franchise reacquisition’s and the company’s previously announced reduction in earnings guidance.† In September 2004, Krispy Kreme announced that it would reduce number of new stores from 120 to around 60. In the beginning of 2005, the company announced previously issued financial statements for fiscal year ended 2004 would be restated to correct certain errors. Krispy Kreme then delayed the filing of its financial reports until the SEC’s investigation had been resolved. Numerous problems, both salient and hidden, tarnished once-optimistic forecasts for Krispy Kreme, changing it from a solid company to a risk. Investors have now lost confidence and the share price has steadily dropped. Although the company’s actual financial health may have been more benign, public perception has been sullied nearly irreparably. Intrinsic Investment Value Barring incisive and insightful financial analysis, there must be a source of intrinsic investment value in the company which can be gleaned from financial statements. The perceived quality and expectations of the investors hass a strong influence on this innate value. If the investors feel that a company will be profitable the intrinsic value will likely increase and vice versa. Intrinsic value also has much to do with brand image, as in Krispy Kreme’s distinctive green and red vintage logo, it’s â€Å"Hot Doughnuts Now† neon sign and the perceived quality of the doughnuts. These accoutrements drive traffic and sales, two key indicators of a food service company’s health. Furthermore, the central Krispy Kreme retail concept, The Factory Store, is a prime contributor to intrinsic value. Krispy Kreme creation of â€Å"a doughnut theatre† illustrated by custom machinery and doughnut viewing areas is a significant point of distinction from its competitors by offering more than just a product but a complete experience. These subtle differences add to the Krispy Kreme mystique, which adds a level of perceived quality. Conclusion The brief history of Krispy Kreme since its IPO in 2000, reveals a company that has already seen its ups and downs. These undulations characterize the growth of many such firms. Several conclusions on the state of Krispy Kreme Doughnuts can be drawn from the Darden School case. First, Krispy Kreme is a company that is moderately healthy, but seems to be turning for the worse. Second, a time series profitability ratios suggest good health, but peer-to-peer current and quick ratios show a startling scramble to meet short-term obligations. Third, in an era of high-profile accounting scandals, clandestine reporting practices scare off investors, leading to Krispy Kreme’s decline in share price. Finally, Krispy Kreme may be able to trade on its brand equity to leverage poor financial practices.